什么是數控折彎機？

數控折彎機是一種用于工業制造的自動鈑金彎曲機，主要用于將金屬板彎曲成所需形狀的高精度金屬零件。

數控折彎機由機架、滑枕、工作臺和后擋料組件等關鍵部件組成。數控系統精確控制滑枕（上模）和后擋料，自動調整金屬板材在每次折彎操作中的位置，從而最大限度地減少人為誤差，確保高質量的折彎效果。

數控折彎機的工作原理是什么？

數控折彎機利用計算機控制的CAM軟件，將操作員輸入的或直接導入的CAD設計文件等參數（例如工件尺寸、材料類型和彎曲角度）轉換為命令代碼，從而驅動折彎機的軸和刀具沿各個方向以不同的角度移動，進而執行涉及多個彎曲階段的復雜成型任務。

數控折彎機能做什么？

利用CAD/CAM軟件精確計算彎曲角度和所需壓力，并依靠上模（沖頭）和下模（模塊）的協同作用，數控折彎機可以執行折彎、定制成型以及各種復雜金屬結構的成形等任務，加工材料包括鋼、鐵、鋁、黃銅和銅等。數控折彎機是實現快速、大批量生產以及高精度彎曲操作的理想工具，因此廣泛應用于關鍵航空航天部件的精密成形、電子設備機箱和機柜的制造、汽車車門、車頂和結構件的成形和制造，以及各種原型制作應用。

規范

主要功能

機械結構

數控折彎機的結構主要包括機架、立柱、滑塊、工作臺、主液壓缸和后擋料組件。所有部件均經過有限元分析（FEA）。 3D 軟件優化確保了卓越的強度和剛性。每個結構部件都經過精巧設計，堅固耐用，運行穩定，從而顯著提升了機器的整體性能和使用壽命。

DELEM 53T 控制系統（荷蘭）

? 10.1英寸高分辨率彩色顯示屏。

? 自動計算工件彎曲長度。

? 2D觸摸屏圖形編程。

? 支持 4+1 軸控制。

? USB接口。

力士樂液壓系統（德國）

力士樂液壓閥具有卓越的耐用性和耐高壓性，即使在嚴苛的運行條件下也能確保可靠的性能。

配備這些閥門的數控折彎機支持多種操作模式——包括快速下降、慢速下降、以工作速度彎曲、快速返回和緊急停止功能——從而顯著提高操作靈活性和安全性。

電機

該系列電機專為滿足高啟動扭矩要求而設計，并嚴格遵守國際IEC標準，確保在各種應用中的兼容性和易于維護性。

這些電機具有出色的運行性能，噪音和振動水平極低，可靠性高，有效提升用戶體驗，延長系統整體使用壽命。

電氣系統

所有核心部件均采用施耐德電氣（法國）原裝零件，有效提高了系統的耐用性和穩定性，從而確保設備更長的使用壽命。

該電氣柜采用自適應設計，并具有優異的抗干擾能力，保證了電氣系統的穩定可靠運行。

伺服電機和驅動器

伺服電機憑借其精準的控制能力，能夠實現極其精確的定位和運動控制。這對于需要極高微調精度和運動重復性的應用至關重要。

快速夾

模具可以從底部或側面安裝和更換。這種設計不僅大幅縮短了模具更換所需的時間，從而提高了工作效率，而且還增強了設備的承載能力。

后規手指

該機器的后擋料組件配備了高精度滾珠絲杠和可調節的后擋料指，確保各種類型的上模（沖頭）的精確定位。

此外，該組件具有手動 h8 調節功能，顯著增強了機器的適應性，使其能夠適應并滿足各種上模類型的彎曲要求。

同步控制系統

該同步控制系統通過雙光學光柵尺和鉸接結構機構的協同作用，確保彎曲運動的精確同步。該機構不僅有效防止導軌磨損和過載造成的損壞，而且光學光柵尺的實時反饋功能也進一步提高了定位精度。

機械撓度補償系統

The mechanical compensation table is assembled from wedge blocks that have undergone specialized processing and heat treatment. The relative displacement compensation value for each set of wedges is meticulously designed based on the potential deformation of the upper and lower beams during the machine's operational state. The數控control system automatically calculates the required compensation for the upper and lower beams based on the actual load conditions during the bending process; it then automatically controls the relative movement of the wedge blocks to effectively counteract and compensate for the deflection and deformation of the beams under load. This mechanical compensation mechanism significantly simplifies the machine tool manufacturing process and represents a technically more advanced and operationally more reliable solution. Moreover, this system eliminates any potential risks associated with fluid leakage, ensuring even more precise and accurate control.

彎曲補償系統

側框撓度補償系統：該系統由專業技術團隊研發，旨在解決機器側框（開口）在彎曲過程中發生的變形問題。該系統采用獨立于主機架壁的“C型”結構，并配備專用的自動平衡調節機構。通過有效抵消反作用力引起的側框變形，該系統可防止因光學標尺定位誤差而導致的精度偏差，從而確保彎曲操作的精度。

前阻力模塊

前托盤由滾輪支撐，可沿 Z 軸方向的線性導軌手動左右滑動。其高度 h8 也可通過手柄輕松調節。此外，根據具體需求，該托盤可選配帶有停放位置功能的專用加長橫梁。

可選功能

? 提供可選的多軸擴展功能，允許添加 C 軸（旋轉軸）和 W 軸（補償軸），以滿足復雜形狀工件的彎曲要求。

? 可選配激光安全光幕，為操作人員提供更高等級的安全防護。該光幕具有強大的抗電磁和光學干擾能力，可有效提升人員安全，確保設備在各種環境下可靠運行。

如何操作數控折彎機？

第三步： 開機. Turn on the main power supply, flip the switch on the control panel, and then start the oil pump. You should hear the sound of the oil pump running, however, the machine will not perform any bending operations at this stage.

第三步： 行程調整. It is crucial to carefully adjust the stroke settings before operation, and a test run must be performed prior to actual bending. When the upper die descends to its lowest point, a clearance equal to at least the thickness of the sheet metal must be maintained; failure to do so will result in damage to both the dies and the machine. The stroke adjustment mechanism typically features an electric rapid-adjustment function.

第三步： V-Die Selection. Select the appropriate V-die opening (groove) based on the thickness of the sheet metal being processed.

第三步： Back Gauge Adjustment. The back gauge typically features both an electric rapid-adjustment function and a manual fine-tuning mechanism. The adjustment procedure is similar to that used for shearing machines.

第三步： Initiate Bending. Depress the foot pedal switch to begin the bending operation. Unlike the operation of a shearing machine, the bending process on a數控press brake can be interrupted at any time, releasing the foot pedal will immediately halt the machine's downward movement, while depressing it again will resume the descent.

Precautions for Operating數控Press Brakes

? Strictly adhere to the machine tool operator's safety regulations and wear the prescribed personal protective equipment.

? Before starting, carefully inspect the motor, switches, wiring, and grounding connections to ensure they are in good working order and securely fastened. Verify that all control components and buttons are set to their correct positions.

? Check the alignment and secure fastening of the upper and lower dies, verify that all positioning devices meet the specific requirements of the workpiece being processed.

? If the upper slide and the various positioning axes are not currently at their home (origin) positions, execute the "Return to Home" program.

? After starting the equipment, allow it to run idle for 1–2 minutes, and cycle the upper slide through its full stroke 2–3 times. If any abnormal noises or malfunctions are detected, stop the machine immediately; resolve the issue, and resume operations only after confirming that everything is functioning normally.

? During operation, one designated person must serve as the central commander to ensure close coordination between the machine operator and the material feeding/holding personnel. The bending signal may be issued only after confirming that all assisting personnel are positioned in safe zones.

? When bending sheet metal, the material must be firmly clamped to prevent it from lifting up during the bending process, which could result in injury to personnel.

? Adjustments to the sheet metal clamping die must be performed only after the power supply has been disconnected and the machine has come to a complete stop.

? When adjusting the opening width of the variable lower die, ensure that no material is in contact with the lower die.

? During operation, no personnel are permitted to stand behind the machine tool.

? Avoid bending sheet metal at only one end of the machine; distribute the load evenly across the bending beam.

? If the workpiece or dies are observed to be misaligned while the machine is running, stop the machine immediately to make corrections. It is strictly forbidden to attempt manual adjustments while the machine is in motion, as this poses a severe risk of hand injury.

? Do not attempt to bend excessively thick iron plates, heat-treated (quenched) steel plates, high-grade alloy steels, square bars, or any material that exceeds the bending machine's specified performance limits, as doing so may cause damage to the machine tool.

? Regularly check the alignment of the upper and lower dies, and verify that the pressure gauge readings comply with the specified parameters.

? If any abnormal conditions arise, stop the machine immediately; investigate the cause and resolve the issue promptly.

? Before shutting down the machine, place wooden blocks on the lower die beneath both hydraulic cylinders, and lower the upper slide down onto these blocks.

? Exit the control system program first, and then disconnect the main power supply.